Condenser



M. W. STOIVIS.

CUNDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLY 21. I92I.

1,434,459. Patented Nov. 7 1922,

2 SHEEIS SHEEI I.

M. WSTOIVIS.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLY 21, |921.

Patented Nov. 7', 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mmw.

I /N VENTOR /Vz a W, 60m .sa

Il! TTU/ENE Y Patented lilov. 7, 1922.

MARION W. STOF/IS, 0F KANSAS C1TYT2'JSSUR, ASSIGNOR GF ONE-HALF TO LEES-HRV.

te; 'mi

lvORRIS, 0F KANSAS CITY, IVIISSOUR. f

CONDENSER;

Application filed July 2,

To all 10ft/omit may omi-@eww Be it known that l, MARION Vif. SToMs, a citizen of the United States, residing at liansas City, in the county of Jackson and State oj li/lissouri, have invented certain new and usei'ful improvements in Condensers; and l do vdeclare the Atollowing to he a full, clear, and exact description or the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters and figures of Ireference marked thereon;y which torni a part ott this specification.

This invention relates to a retrigerating apparatus and particularly to a. condenser for tanslating afre'lrigerant 'lroin a vapor phase to a liquid phase. i

A condenser is employed in conjunction with a compressor for compressing,` the re` rigerant vapor and forcingv it into the con denser. There is a' liquid receiver ii'or receiving and storing the supply ott' the condensed refrigerant 'from the condenser, the receiver discharging into an evaporatorior absorbingthe heat from the surrounding atmosphere, thus causingl the liquid refrigerant to vaporize or gasity preparatory to ing passed to the compressor, from which it is again forced into the condenser so that it can he reduced to its liquid phase ioy cool ying it below its critical temperature 'oy a suitable cooling medium,

The condenser einhodies a principle that a gaseous refrigerant, such as an'irnonia., readily condenses into a liquid phase when introduced into body ot its own liquid which has been previously cooled, it being understood that the cooler the liquid, the Vmore readily the vapor Will combine with it.

Broadly, Lthe condenser consists of a` plurality oi double pipes, horizontally superimposed one ahove the other and divided into three sections, which l terni a flooded section, a condenser section and a iinal cooling section. The inlet of the condensing); section connects directly with the vapor supply from the compressor and with the flooded section While the outlet for the condens-irgu section connects with the flooded section and with the Final cooling' section. y

ln this description the terms and vapor are used interchangeably because the liquid may not expand ahove the vapor phase or it mayfcontinue on to the gaseous Athe smallerpipe and the larger pipe the reiirigerant conduit.

The novel ieejtures or the invention will he specically described hereinafter, reference being; had to the accompanying drawings, in which is an elevational View of a reirigerw ating system constructed in accordance With iny invention. e

Fig. 2 is perspective vieiv of the condenser, parts being broken away to show the interior pipes, and i i i Fig. 3 isa sectional View through a slightly inodilied :term of Adirectional tube i -for leading in the refrigerant in the vapor phase to the manifold to combine it with the refrigerant in the liquid` phase.

l? terring to Fig'. l:

l designates a gras compressor having` an inlet at 2 and an outlet at 3. l is a receiver or refrigerant reservoir to receive the refrigerant in a liquid phase. 5 is a discharge for the receiver communicatin` with evaporator coils 6., which discharge into the compressor throughthe inlet lheliquid is drawn through the coilv G, ahsorhing the heat in the usual Way and becoming automatically translated from a `liquid phase to agaseous phaseor vapor phase in ivl'iich `state it enters the compressor l. The compressed refrigerant in the vapor or sseous phase is discharged throughthe L into the pipe 7, `which communi at eiwit the coupling? 8 for the njas directional nous in Figs. l and 2.

There .are stop valves 9 and i0 for the pipes i', which may he used to close olif conimunication through sai i p"A The directional nozzle il discharges ii to condenser pipe 12, the loiveriend of which con'imunieates with the flooded section oil? the condenser consistinp; ci? the pipes l?, le. 15, 16 and l?. rl"he top end i8 of the L i, i2 comh le. as clearly shown inunicates with the lower pipe 19 of the condenser section, the condenser being shown as consisting of the pipe 19 and the pipes '20 .and 21. The top oit the condenser, that'is, the pipe 21, communicates with the top pipe 17 of the Yflooded section or reservoir through the medium of a pipe 22, whereby the refrigerant in the liquid phase divides and the amount ot the liquid equal to that which has been condensed troni the gaseous phase to the liquid phase will pass upwardly through the pipe to the top orF the nal cooling section ot the condenser consisting of the pipes 24, 25, 26 and 27, troni which the rerigerant inl the liquid phase will discharge hrough the pipe 23 into the receiver 4.

The iinal cooling` section may be provided with a purge pipe 29, as will be well understood, and a drain pipe 30 may be provided or the gas section so that Athe condenser may be drained and the contents may low into the pipe and pass into the receiver 4.

The pipes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 19 are connected by one set of hollow elbows or unions 31 and 2O and 21 may be connected by another set oi3 hollow elbows or unions 31, and the pipes 24, 25, 26 and 27 may likewise be connected with similar uinons or elbows so that there may be a continuous passage ot' the refrigerant trom the pipes 17 to 13 and 19 to 21 and a continuous flow through pipes 24, 25, 26 and 27 to the evaporating system.

rfhe refrigerant is cooled by a cooling conduit consisting of a pipe 32, which may bel supplied with a cooling liquid, such as water or the like, the pipe being divided at 33 to provide a, branch 34, passing through pipes 24, 25, 26 and 27, 21 and 20 from the top to the bottom in the order named, and discharged at 35 into a flow-oil pipe The pipe 32 is also provided with a branch 37, which passes through the pipes 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 19 and passes through the pipe 38 into the flow-o pipe 36, as will be clearly seen in Fig. 2.

The branch 34 and the branch 37 of pipe 32 are yeach ot considerably less diameter than the pipes which cover them so that an annular space is formed between the inner pipes and the outer pipes which constitutes the conduits through which the refrigerant flows. The branch pipes 34 and l37 respective y are, tor mechanical expediency, constructed ot' a plurality ot sections connected by the elbow or U-shaped couplings 39 and 40 outside the larger pipes so that there can be a continuous flow of cooling water through the linal cooling stage and through the pipes 20 and 21 of the condenser from the 34 to the pipe 36 and a correspondin; ecient flow of cooling water through the section of the branch pipe 37 in the pipes 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the flooded section the pipe 19 of the condenser; The coolinganno passing into the receiver, troni which it is fed to the evaporator coils.

W hen the refrigerant is fed Jfrom the compressor in a gaseous or vapor phase, it will pass through the directional nozzle, past the outlet in pipe 13 and litt the refrigerant in the flooded section into the pipe 12, where the liquid and gaseous refrigerantl will conibine so that when they 4enter the condenser, they will be in a saturated state or practically at what is termed the dew point although to some extent, they may be in a liquid or semi-liquid condition. The excess re'rigerant, that is, the amount supplied from the compressor, will divide at the pipe 41 so that it may pass through pipe 23 into tie top pipe 24 of the iinal cooling stage. l he refrigerant, which has previously passed from the Hooded section, will divide i om the pipe 41 and pass into 22 and flow back into the flooded section consisting of t1 pipes 13 to 17,'both inclusive.

The refrigerant which has passed into the pipe23 will discharge into pipe 24 through pipe 42, traversing the space between the pipe 34 and pipes 24, 25, 26 and A.27, where the refrigerant will be inally cooled before it discharges into pipe 28 to enter the receiver 4. Therefore, the refrigerant to be directed to the evaporator coils will be reduced to the iinal cooling temperature beioi'e it enters the receiver by the li uid which passes through the inner pipes. uch a construction eliminates the necessity for employing surface condensers in which a flow or water is disposed over the top of the pipes into a trough, the cooling system being a closed system in contra-distinction to that class ott condensers in which the water is flowed over the outside of the gas or refrigerant-containing pipe.

ln Fig. 3 I have shown a slightly modified forni of directional nozzle l1', which is in the form ot an ejector to increase the velocity ot the gas passing from the nozzle thereof and therefore, increase the lift exerted upon the refrigerant in the liquid phase. In other respects the apparatus embodying the ejector nozzle will be substantially like that shown inFigs. 1 and 2.

. lt will be apparent that the device conteniplates means whereby a constantly loo'ded section is provided so that there will always be an available supply of liquid to combine with the refrigerant in the gaseous or vapor phase before it enters the condenser and that the construction is so arranged that the amount ol refrigerant in the liquid phase which is ted into the pipe 12 will always be returned back to the flooded section and 4l and L12 constitute a manifold for controlling the flow of the refrigerant in the liquid phase for dividing the floiv so that the flooded section will have its quota divided from the sum total consisting of the introduced liquid from the bottom of the flooded section and the refrigerant in the gaseous phase from the pipe 7.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Patent is:

l. A condenser for refrigerators comprising a plurality of connected pipes in the form of a coil, divided into communicating sections, one of which is a flooded section, one a condenser section and the remaining one a final cooling section, arranged from the bottom to the top in the order named, the flooded section having its discharge communicating With the bottom of the condenser section, and its intake communicating with the top of the condenser section, the intake for the final cooling section communicating With the top of the condenser section, and cooling pipes for the coils, one cooling` pipe entering the top of the final cooling section and discharging from the condenser section and the other pipe entering the bottom `of the flooded section and discharging from the condenser section.

2. A condenser for refrigerators comprising a plurality of connected pipes in the forni of a coil, divided into communicating sections-A one of which is a flooded section, one a condenser section and the remaining one a final cooling section, arranged from the bottom to the top in the order named, a cooling Water-receiving pipe entering the top of the final cooling section and discharging at approximately the middle of the coil, and a second cooling pipe entering the bottom of the flooded section and discharging approximately at the middle of the coil.

3. A condenser for refrigerators comprising a plurality of connected pipes in the form of a coil, divided into communicating sections, one of which is a flooded section, one a condenser section and the remaining one a final cooling section, the flooded section having its discharge communicating with the bottom of the condenser section and its intake communicating with the top of the condenser, means for connecting the top of the condenser section With the top of the final cooling section, and cooling pipes for the several sections, one of which enters the top of the final cooling section and discharges through one of' the coils of the condenser section, and the other pipe entering the bottom of the flooded section and discharging througli one of the coils of the condenser section.

l. t condenser unit for refrigerating apparatus comprising a plurality of connected pipes in the form of a coil, divided into comi municating sections, one of Which is a fiooded section, one a condenser section and the remaining one a final cooling section, a pipe into Which the flooded section discharges, a gas pipe discharging into the said pipe and through it into the condenser section` a pipe having connection with the top of the nal cooling section, a pipe connected to the flooder section, and an intermediate pipe connected to the top of the condenser section and dividing its flow between the pipe for the final cooling section and the pipe for the flooded section, and cooling pipes entering the top and bottom of the coil and traversing the same toward the bottom and top respectively, the two pipes discharging approximately midway of the coil.

5. A. condenser for refrigerators comprising a plurality of connected pipes in the form of a coil, divided into communicating sections, one cil which is flooded section, one a condenser section and the remaining one a final cooling section, arranged from the bottom to the top in the order named, a pipe connecting the bottom of the flooded section with the bottom of the condenser section, a refrigerant gas pipe discharging into said pipe, an ejector nozzle at the point of discharge of the gas pipe into said pipe, a manifold connected to the top of the final cooling section, to the top of the flooded section and to the top of the condenser, a discharge pipe at the bottom et the final cooling section, cooling pipes entering the top of the final cooling section and traversing the coils to about midway7 of the group of coils, and a cooling pipe entering the bottom of the coils and traversing the lower Walls and discharging at about midway of the coils whereby initial cooling Water will be introduced into 'the top of' the final cooling section and the bottom of the flooded section.

ln testimony ivhereof l affix my signature.

Minion iv. eroi/is. 

